Also, measure the diameter of the Moon D, from the picture and record it there. calculate the diameter Do record your value next to the picture in Figure 6. After determining the center of Earth's shadow measure its radius and from that Figure 2: Geometric construction used to de termine the diameter of Earth's shadow. Draw the me- dian of the chord CI, this will cross the Moon median of the chord CD at the center of D the shadow of Earth, point O. Draw the perpendicular bisector- Earth's Shadow the median of the chord CD, the median will cross the shadow of the Earth at point I I. Connect points and D, these are the points where the shadow of the Earth intercepts the circumference of the Moon. On each of the two pictures in Figure 6 doĢ the following geometric construction. In order to determine B, follow the steps outlined below. Also, denote the diameter of Earth's shadow by Do and the diameter of the Moon by D. For simplicity consider the shadow of the Earth to be circular. The Diameter of Earth's Shadow In the first step you will determine how much bigger the diameter of Earth's shadow (the shadow of the Earth which is projected on the surface of the Moon) is than the Moon's diameter. You will use these pictures for your calculations. At the end of this laboratory exercise you will find pictures of the Lunar Eclipse which occurred on October 27, 2004. The goal of this exercise is to compute the diameter of the Moon and its distance from Earth using photographs taken during a lunar eclipse. To see the progress of an actual lunar eclipse play the movie "Evolution of a Total Lunar Eclipse" in the web page of this exercise. Interactive exercises: To understand the necessary conditions for a lunar eclipse please use the interactive tools under the title "The cause of a Lunar Eclipse" in the web page of this exercise. But if conditions are right (the Moon is very nearly on the ecliptic at full Moon) you can see one of nature's most spectacular phenomena a lunar eclipse. Most of the time the Moon is passing either "above", or "below" the shadow of the Earth. ![]() orbital plane of the Moon is tilted 5° out of the ecliptic (the orbital plane of the Earth) eclipses do not occur at every Full Moon. Since the Moon's orbit Sun Earth) Earth's shadow Moon Figure 1: The principle of the Lunar Eclipse. The Principle of the Lunar Eclipse A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow. But the Sun would then be 120 m far from the Earth, and its diameter would be more than 1 m! 0.1. Lab 3: Lunar Eclipse: The Moon's Diameter and its Distance to Earth Note: Before you start, beware that most of the following illustrations are deceiving! Actually, you can't represent in a readable way at the same scale the Earth, the Moon and the Sun, and at the same time the distances Earth-Sun or Earth-Moon: For instance, if we represent the Earth by a 1-cm diameter disk, then the Moon's diameter would be 3 mm and it would be 30 cm away from the Earth.
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